By the end of this CME session, participants will be able to: Understand the Pathophysiology and Risk Factors Describe the hormonal and metabolic changes in pregnancy that contribute to the development of GDM. Identify risk factors associated with GDM, including obesity, family history, ethnicity, and previous GDM. Screening and Diagnosis Apply current guidelines (e.g., WHO, IADPSG, ADA) for screening and diagnosing GDM. Interpret oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results and other relevant diagnostic tests accurately. Management and Monitoring Outline individualized care plans incorporating nutritional counseling, physical activity, and glucose monitoring. Determine when to initiate pharmacologic therapy (insulin and/or oral agents) and how to monitor treatment efficacy and safety. Antenatal and Intrapartum Care Monitor fetal growth and maternal health throughout pregnancy. Plan for appropriate timing and mode of delivery based on glycemic control and obstetric indications. Postpartum Follow-up and Long-term Considerations Recommend appropriate postpartum glucose testing and long-term follow-up for women with a history of GDM. Educate patients on lifestyle modifications to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in the future. Interdisciplinary Approach Collaborate with dietitians, endocrinologists, obstetricians, and other healthcare providers in the comprehensive management of GDM.